Combined fluid transmission and differential.



J. ZAGORA.

v COMBINED FLUID TRANSMISSION AND DIFFERENTIAL. -APPLICAT|0N FILEDIMAR.30. 1914.

1,156A78. N I Patented Aug, 17, 1915.

. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1. 66

i a I awe/M10 APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30. I9I4- 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PatentedAug'. 17, 1915.

o a V 9 7 m, J g g O O u J. ZAGORA. COMBINED FLUID TRANSMISSION ANDDIFFERENTIAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30' I9I4.

Patented Au 17,1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- I. ZAGORA. v COMBINED FLUID TRANSMISSION ANDDIFFERENTIAL.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30, I914- 1,150,478, Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

FEE;

hurrah sra'rns PATENT crude.

:rosnrn ZAGORA, or RAGINE, WISCONSIN.

COMBINED FLUID TRANSMISSION AND DIFFERENTIAL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 1'7, 191%..

Application filed March 30, 1914. Serial No. 828,326.

transmission mechanism for automobiles and the like and has for itsobject to elimi-'- nate the necessity of employing a variable speedgear, a diflerential gear, a'clutch and a reverse gear in order toproperly control the same.

To the above end, my invention consists of a small and compact casing inwhich is located means for varying the speed of the vehlcle forward orrearward, means for suspending movement of the vehicle while 'its motoris allowed to run, means for reversing the movement of the vehlcle andmeans for compensating for various differences in speed of the tWosections of the driving axle,

' the speed of the vehicle, direction of drive and suspension ofmovement being controlled by a single lever while .all dilferences ofspeed between said axle sections are come pensated for automatically.

The invention resides not only in the combination of the above mentionedelements.

but resides in certain novel features of construction herein describedand claimed and shown in the drawings wherein Figure 1 is a horizontalsection through the center of the machine taken on the line 1-1'of Fig.4:; Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitudinal section taken on the line22 of Fig. 1; Figs. 3 and 4 are transverse sections on the lines 33 and44 of Fig. 1

respectively; Figs. 5 and 6 are detail vertical sections on the lines 55and 66 of Fig. 1

respectively; Fig. 7 is a rear view of the mvention assembled; and Figs.8 and 9 are diagrammatic views illustrating the operation of theinvention more clearly.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown my invention as comprlslng acasing C in which a rotary pump P, a right hand rotary motor M and aleft hand rotary mo tor M arelocated. The pump P has its longitudinalaxis disposed in parallel relation to the drive shaft S while the motorsM' and M have theirv axes disposed in'rightangular relation to said pumpand the drive shaft s.

The pump P comprises a casing 1 which is of circular formation and isprovided on its front and rear walls with recessed bosses 2 in whichsuitably constructed roller bearings 3 are located. The construction ofthe bearings forms no part of the present invention but it may be wellfor the sake of clearness, to set forth their general construction ascomprising the usual inner and outer bearing rings between which therollers are revolubly mounted. The inner rings of said bearings 3 arerigidly secured to a forward hub 4 and a rear hub 5which are preferablyformed integrally with a pump rotor 9 which is thereby revolubly mountedwithin the pump casing 1. r

The rotor 9 is provided with radial blades 10 which are pressed normallyoutward by coiled springs 11 so thatshoes 12 which are loosely mountedon the ends of said blades are forced into contact with the inner-sideof an annular cylinder ring 13 which is located between the front andrear walls of the casing 1 and is spaced from the circular wall thereofa suitable distance to allow it to be shifted laterally to bring itsaxis in direct alinement with the axis of the rotor 9 or to positionsaid axes so that they possess an eccentric relation.

The above movement-of the ring 13 is accomplished by providing radiallyproject- 'ing arms 14 on the opposite sides of said rmg, passing saidarms loosely through openmgs in the annular wall of the casing 1 andthrough similar openings in yokes 15 which are spaced from said annularwall,

and by coarsely threading eyes 16 rigidly carried by the lower ends oflevers 17 upon the extremities of said arms. The levers 17 may beactuated in any suitable manner and may be of any appropriateconstruction but they are preferably pivotally united'at 18 to anoperating link 19 which passes to any suitable point to be controlled bythe'oporator of the vehicle to which the invention is applied; .By thissimple construction,

when the link 19 is moved forwardly, the

ring 13 will be shifted to the right hand side of the casing 1 or if itis moved toward the rear, said ring 13 will be shifted toward the lefthand side of the casing. This op-' eration will of course retract theshoes 12 which wereformerly extended and will exa manner tor rotors 28and 28,

the shoes which were formerly retracted thus reversing the flow of thefluid which is being acted upon by the rotor 9 in to be hereinafter morefully set forth. It will be clear that when the link 19 and the levers17 are moved to a neutral position, the axes of the ring 13 and therotor 9 are brought into alinement and the pump will then becomeinactive.

The pump rotor 9 is provided with a plurality of inwardly extendingports 20, one port being located in close proximity to each piston bladeand shoe and said ports uniting near the center of the rotor 9 andcommunicating with longitudinal ports 21 which pass through the body ofthe hub 5 andopen at 22 through the periphery thereof. The ports 20 arehere shown as eight in number since four piston blades are employed andsince said ports unite at their inner ends but four ports-21 arenecessary.

tend

The function of the pump audits various parts and elements abovedescribed, will be more-clearly brought forth near the conclusion of thespecification.

The casing C is formed in two halves 23 which may be of any suitablevconfiguration to produce the effects required. It is expedient however,that the forward wallof the casing O is of annular formation since it.constitutes the rear wall of the ,pum casing 1. Each section 23 of thecaslng is provided with an annular motor cylinder 24 which is locatednear the vertical center of the casing 0 when assembled, with an annularrecess 25 in which roller bearings 26 are disposed and with a hubreceiving recess 27 which is located .near the outer edge of eachsection 23.

The cylinders 24, the roller bearings 26 and the recesses 27 coac't withannular mosaid rotors being disposed respectively in the right and leftportions of the casing C. The rotor 28 is provided with an integral hub29 which projects outwardly and is revolubly mounted within the recess27 and carries the inner ring of the roller bearing 26. An inwardlyextending hub 30 is also formed integrallywith the rotor 28 and said hub30 carries the inner ring 31 of a roller bearing while the outer ring 32is carried rigidlyby an annular flange 33 which is formed integrallywith the rotor 28, suitable rollers 34 being located between said innerand outer rings 31 and 32. The rotor 28' is provided with an outwardlyextending hub 29 Which is revolubly mounted within the recess 27 initsrespective side of the casing and is revolubly supported by the rollerbearing 26 in said side' Rigidly secured within each hub 29 and 29', isa section 35 of a rear driving axle which may be connected to the reardrive wheels of the vehicle in-which my invention is installed or maycarry suitvlar ducts 39 and 40 grooves inthe wall a similar municationwith the duct 44 by means of a and 28 will be opp the uppermost blade ofthe rotor 28 will be able gearing on their outer ends for driving saidwheels.

The inner walls of the motor cylinder 24 are in the form of an annularring 36 which is preferably channeled for the sake of lightness and issecurely clamped between the two halves 23 of the casing C and has thanthe other section when the vehicle is The rotors 28 and 28' are providedwith a plurality of ports 37 and 37 which extend inwardly through theirbodies, longitudinally through the hubs 29 and'29 and open at 38 and 38through the peripheries of said hubs. Since there are. eight ports inthe periphery of the pump rotor 9, a like'number of ports is provided ineach motor rotor.

The ports 37 .in the rotor 28 and its hub communicate with substantiallysemi-circuwhich are in the form of of one of the recesses 27;

The duct 39 communicates through a passage 41 with a substantiallysemi-circular duct 42 which is disposed beneath the inner end of the hub5 of the pump. rotor 9 and in position to register with the open ends 22ofthe ports 20' and 21 in said pump rotor and said hub. The duct 40communicates through a passage 43 with a substantially semi-circularduct 44 which is located above the hub 5 and lies in the same transverseplane with the duct 42.

The open ends 38 of the ports 37 in the rotor 28' are in communicationwith a substantially semi-circular duct 45 and with duct46, the duct 45being in comrounding a curve.

passage 47 while the duct 46 communicates with the duct 42 through apassage 48. The function of these ports will be more clearly set forth.

The motor cylinder side of the machine has its axis disposedbelow thecenter of the rotors 28 and 28 while the cylinder 24 at the right handside has its axis disposed above the axial line of said'rotors. By thisositioning, the piston blades 49 and 49 o the motor rotors 28 osed. Inother words 24 on the left hand 9 extended and thus more active than thej lower blade of said rotor while the lower blade of the rotor 28 willbe extended and will thus be more active than the upper blade thereof.This positioning of the cylinders in respect to their rotors, abovelocation and communicating with the pump and motor cylinders will causea continual rotary moand the arrangement of passages 5 tion to beimparted to the rotors 28 and 28', the major part of the pressurecausing said motion to be exerted on the upper piston blade of the rotor28 and on the lower blade of the rotor 28 as above suggested.

7 With the parts assembled and the casing O filled with oil, theoperation of the device is as follows: The pump rotor 9 is rotated bythe shaft S which is driven in the usual manner by the vehicle motor.This move ment of the rotor will cause the oil to be drawn through inletvalves 50 and 50 until all of the ports in the entire machine are filledwhereupon the extended blades of said pump rotor will force oil out ofcertain of the ports 20 and '21 from which it will be discharged intothe duct 4E4: from which it will flow through the ducts 43 and 47 and tothe interior of the cylinders 24 through the 1 ports 37 and 37 Here itwill act upon the extended blades of the rotors 28 and 28 and will causethem to be driven in the same direction thus driving the axle sections35 to propel the vehicle in one direction. Simultaneously with theforcing of oil through the passages 43 and 47, bythe extended blades ofthe pump rotor 9, the retracted blades thereof in gradually forcingoutwardly, are exerting-a suction through certain of the ports 20, 21,and the passages 41 and 48 and thus said suction is also imparted to theblades of the motor rotors 28 and 28 as said blades are gradually forcedinwardly against the tension of their springs. Should it be desired toreverse the movement of the vehicle, the link 19 will be shifted in theproper direction as here inbefore set forth and the ring 13 Will therebybe shifted to the opposite side of the pump casing 1 and the directionof the oil forced from the pump and returned thereto will be reversed.This will of course re- "verse the motion of the motor rotors 28 and 28and the axle sections 35. In making a turn, whether the vehicle is beingpropelled forwardly or rearwardly, one section 35 of the drive axle willnecessarily rotate at a 'greater speed than the other section. Thesedifferences in speed Will be readily compensated for by the abovedescribed provision and arrangement of parts.

When it is desired to stop the entire vehicle but to allow its motor tocontinue running, it is simply necessary to move the link 19 to aneutral position and thereby through the connections of the levers 17with the ring 13, saidring will also be brought to a neutral positionand the blades on the pump rotor will be no more active on one side thanon the opposite side and thus the oil Within the ring 13 will becontinually forced around Without producing any effect whatever upon themotor rotors 28 and 28.

\Vith the invention so far described, I have found that considerablefluid Within gear, a reverse gear and a clutch.

the various ducts leakage through the bearings of the casing and that itbecomes necessary to frequently replenish the supply. In order toprovide for the automatic replenishing of the fluid, I provide the ductsat the upper part of the casing, with an inlet valve 50 while the ductsat the lower portion thereof are provided with an inlet valve 50. Asclearly shown in Fig. 4, the valves 50 and 50 communicate with theinterior of the casing (4, near its bottom, said casing being adapted tobe filled with oil. It will be clearly seen, that if a. partial vacuumoccurs in any of the passages in the upper or lower portions of themachine, from the loss of oil, more oil will be drawn in through thevalves 50 and 50, thus keeping said passages normally filled andinsuring the proper operation of the machine. As a safeguard against thebursting of the apparatus, under abnormal pressure, I have provided theports at the lower and upper portions of the casing, with outwardlyopening, spring closed valves 51 and 51.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, it will be seen that I have produced acomparatively simple and compact transmission for motor vehicles or thelike which not only performs the function of a variable speed gear butalso that of a differential However, if a clutch is desired, it may beused.

I have described my invention with considerable minuteness but I do notwish to be limited to details of construction other than those amplifiedin the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Lettcrs Patent is:

1. In a device of the a cylinder, a rotor eccentrically mounted therein,a hub on said rotor, retractable piston blades projecting from theperiphery of said'rotor, and contacting with the inner wall of saidcylinder, combined inlet and exhaust ports opening at their oppositeends through the eripheries of said rotor and its hub, a feed notopening to one side of said hub and a return duct opening to the otherside thereof, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a device of the character described, a cylinder, a rotoreccentrically mounted therein, a hub on said rotor, retractable pistonblades projecting from the periphery of said rotor, and contacting withthe inner wall of said-cylinder, combined inlet and exhaust portsopening at their opposite ends through the peripheries of said rotor andits hub and substantially semi-circular feed and return ducts on theopposite sides of said hub and in communication with said ports, for thepurpose set forth.

3. In a fluid transmission, a casing having character described,

and passages is lost by.

.. bl mounted in its respective socket, a plua pair of annular motorcylinders and an annular pump cylinder, a rotor hub-receiving socketopening into one endof each of said cylinders, amotor rotor revolublymounted n eachv of said motor cylinders, a

pump rotor in said pump cylinder, anannular hub .on each of. said'rotorsand revolura ity of ports opening through the peripheries of'said pumpand motor rotors and their hubs and communicating with said retractablepiston bladeson each of and contacting with the inner,

ducts connecting the socket in which the pump rotor hubrevolveswitheach, ofthe socketsin which the hubs, of said motor rotors revolve, andmeans for sockets, said rotors, wall of said cylinders,

rotating said pump rotor.

+1. A. fluid transmission device comprising a casing-formed in twosections secured together, the contacting faces of said sectionshaving-substantially'alined circular recesses constituting a P3112015-motor cylinders, a, partition clamped between said two sections a ofthe casing and constitutingone wall'of said cylinders, and a pum.cylinder secured at one end .toone' end o jthe casing, com- I Y motorcylinders.

. constituting a pair of .IIBSSBS.

' bined with-rotors in all of: the cylinders, and

ducts connecting the pump cylinder with the pro ecting-into 3 vring, asecond rotor in'the othermcyliiidfer 1 and having [a hub projectingloosely"into-'.the

hollow hub, and an-annu'lar' bearing located in the hollow hub andsurrounding the other T hub, combined with a rotary pump, and

ducts connecting thepump .with the motor i cylinders In testlmol'iywhereof I have hereunto set my hand inpresence of two subscribing wit-JosEPHzAsoRA.

Witnesses: 1 1

GHRIST1AN JOHNSON, J. K. OLSON..

